The Spiti Valley, a high-altitude cold desert in Himachal Pradesh, India, is a region of stark beauty and challenging terrain. Connecting this unique landscape to the Lahaul Valley and further to Kullu-Manali is a pivotal mountain pass: Kunzum Pass. This high-altitude gateway is not just a geographical marker but a cultural and spiritual landmark, representing a significant transition point for travelers exploring the vast Indian Himalayas.
Kunzum Pass: The High-Altitude Gateway
Kunzum Pass (Kunzum La) is situated at an impressive Kunzum Pass height of approximately 4,551 meters (14,931 feet) above sea level. Some measurements might cite the Kunzum Pass altitude as 4,590 meters (15,060 feet), but either way, it stands as one of the highest pass of Himachal Pradesh that is motorable and regularly used. It serves as the primary gateway into the Spiti Valley from the Manali side, separating the Lahaul and Spiti districts. Its strategic location makes it an essential segment of the popular Spiti circuit.
The pass is characterized by its barren, high-alpine environment. The landscape is dominated by rugged, snow-capped peaks, vast open spaces, and glacial formations. The air here is thin, and the wind can be intense, a constant reminder of the extreme elevation. Despite these challenges, the panoramic views from Kunzum are breathtaking, offering a 360-degree spectacle of the Chandra Bhaga mountain ranges, the colossal Bara-Sigri Glacier (one of the largest in Himachal Pradesh), and the distinct geological formations of the Spiti Valley.
Routes and Accessibility for Kunzum La
Reaching Kunzum Pass involves traversing challenging mountain roads, and accessibility is highly seasonal. Travelers typically approach the pass from two main directions: Manali or Kaza (within Spiti Valley).
1. From Manali (The Northern Approach – Seasonal)
This is the more popular and often more scenic route, but it is entirely dependent on weather conditions and remains open for a limited period each year.
- Route: From Manali, the journey follows NH3 (Leh-Manali Highway) driving through the Atal Tunnel directly towards Gramphu. From Gramphu, one turns right onto NH505, which leads towards Batal and then ascends to Kunzum.
- Distance and Time: The distance from Manali to Kunzum Pass is approximately 120-125 kilometers. This journey typically takes 6-8 hours at least, depending on road conditions and traffic.
- Road Conditions: The road from Gramphu to Batal and then up to Kunzum La is notorious for being rough, unpaved, and prone to landslides or water crossings from melting snow. High-ground clearance vehicles (SUVs, 4x4s) or sturdy motorcycles are highly recommended.
- Permits: No special permit is needed for Kunzum Pass itself for Indian nationals. Foreign nationals generally require an Inner Line Permit (ILP) for Spiti Valley, which can be obtained in Kullu, Manali, or Reckong Peo.
2. From Kaza (The Spiti Valley Approach – Seasonal)
This route is part of the internal Spiti Valley travel and is typically undertaken after spending time acclimatizing in Kaza.
- Route: From Kaza, the road (NH505) heads towards Losar village (approximately 58 km from Kaza), which is the last inhabited village before the ascent to Kunzum. From Losar, it’s a further 18-20 km uphill drive to the pass.
- Distance and Time: The total distance from Kaza to Kunzum Pass is approximately 75-80 kilometers. This usually takes 2.5-3.5 hours, depending on road conditions.
- Road Conditions: Similar to the Manali side, the road from Losar to Kunzum Pass is generally unpaved and can be rough, with gravel and dirt sections. It requires careful driving.
Accessibility and Winter Closures
Kunzum La is a high mountain pass that experiences heavy snowfall during the winter months. Consequently, it remains inaccessible from November to May (sometimes mid-June). During this period, the pass is completely buried under several feet of snow, making vehicular traffic impossible. The Border Roads Organization (BRO) undertakes strenuous efforts to clear the snow and reopen the pass, usually by mid-June, depending on the extent of snowfall and weather conditions. Travelers must always verify the current road status before planning a trip involving Kunzum and Chandratal.
Explore Spiti Solely Solo: Visit Spiti Valley in Winter
Best Time to Visit Kunzum Pass
The ideal window for visiting Kunzum Pass is when it is officially open to vehicular traffic and the Kunzum Pass weather is most favorable.
- Mid-June to September: This is the prime time to visit. The snow has largely melted, and the roads are accessible from both the Manali and Kaza sides. Daytime temperatures at the pass typically range from 5°C to 15°C, which can feel cold due to the wind chill, but are manageable. The skies are generally clearer during this period, offering uninterrupted views of the surrounding Himalayan ranges. This season also allows for the popular trek to Chandratal Lake.
- Shoulder Months (Late May/Early June & October): In late May or early June, the pass might just be opening. While beautiful with fresh snow, conditions can be unpredictable, and parts of the road might still be challenging. October sees rapidly dropping temperatures, and the pass usually closes by the end of the month due to fresh snowfall. Travelers during these times should be prepared for very cold weather and the possibility of road closures.
Know More: Best Time To Visit Spiti Valley – Winter vs Summer?
Key Places & Experiences at Kunzum La
Despite its barren appearance, Kunzum offers several points of interest that are significant to both locals and travelers.
- Kunzum Mata Temple: At the very top of Kunzum, a small, unassuming temple dedicated to Goddess Kunzum Devi (an incarnation of Goddess Durga/Parvati) stands. This temple is of immense spiritual importance to the locals and is a traditional stop for all travelers crossing the pass. It is customary for travelers to take a full circumambulation (parikrama) around the temple to seek blessings for a safe journey across the treacherous terrain. The temple itself is a simple structure, but its significance as a guardian deity of the pass is profound.
- Chorten and Prayer Flags: Adjacent to the Kunzum Mata temple, a chorten (a Buddhist stupa or monument) stands, often surrounded by countless colorful prayer flags. These flags or lung-ta, inscribed with mantras, are believed to carry prayers on the wind, spreading good will and peace. Their vibrant colors against the stark mountain backdrop create a striking visual. This blend of Hindu and Buddhist symbolism at such a high pass reflects the syncretic culture of the region.
- Panoramic Views: The primary experience at Kunzum is the unparalleled panoramic vista. From the top, you can clearly see the distinct geological divide between the greener, more humid Lahaul Valley and the arid, cold desert landscape of Spiti. The imposing Chandra Bhaga range, with its snow-capped peaks, dominates the horizon. The view of the Bara-Sigri Glacier, one of the largest in the Western Himalayas, is also visible and truly impressive.
Standing at Kunzum La height means a significantly lower oxygen levels intake when compared to the plains. The wind at the pass can be strong and biting, even on a sunny day. Hence, spend only a short while at the very top of the pass. The thin air can induce symptoms of Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) if one lingers too long without proper acclimatization. Taking photos, paying respects at the temple, and then proceeding is a practical approach.
Must Do: Kaza, Spiti Valley: A Comprehensive Travel Guide
Kunzum: The Connector to Chandratal
Beyond its role as a gateway to Spiti, Kunzum La is also the vital link to the mesmerizing Chandratal Lake.
- Diversion to Chandratal: From the main Kunzum Pass road, a marked diversion leads to Chandratal. While there’s a semi-motorable road for part of the way, the last few kilometers to the lake require a trek.
- Trek to Chandratal: A popular and rewarding trek starts from near Kunzum La down to Chandratal Lake. This trek is approximately 12-15 kilometers long and offers incredible views of the high-altitude landscape. It’s a challenging but highly recommended experience for those with adequate fitness and acclimatization.
- Chandratal Lake: Known as the “Moon Lake” due to its crescent shape, Chandratal is a pristine high-altitude glacial lake (around 4,300 meters or 14,100 feet). Its shimmering turquoise waters, reflecting the surrounding snow-capped peaks, create an almost surreal landscape. Camping facilities are usually available near the lake during the season, offering a magical opportunity for stargazing.
Practical Tips for Visiting Kunzum La
- Acclimatization: Do not attempt to reach the pass directly from lower altitudes without proper acclimatization. Spend at least one or two days in Manali or, ideally, Kaza, to allow your body to adjust to the high elevation.
- Hydration: Drink plenty of water throughout your journey, especially at high altitudes, to help prevent AMS.
- Layered Clothing: Even in summer, temperatures at Kunzum Pass can be very low, and the wind chill makes it feel colder. Pack right for Spiti and wear multiple layers of warm clothing, including thermal wear, a windproof jacket, gloves, and a warm hat.
- Sun Protection: The sun’s rays are intense at this altitude. Use high-SPF sunscreen, wear UV-protection sunglasses, and a wide-brimmed hat.
- Food and Water: There are no permanent facilities or places to eat at Kunzum Pass itself. It is essential to carry your own snacks, energy bars, and sufficient water. The nearest basic dhabas or eateries would be in Batal (on the Manali side) or Losar (on the Kaza side). It is always advisable to stock up in Kaza or Manali.
- Vehicle Preparation: Ensure your vehicle is in excellent condition, especially its tires and brakes, before attempting the pass. High-ground clearance is beneficial.
- Photography: The pass offers incredible photographic opportunities. However, protect your camera from dust and extreme cold/wind.
- Respect Local Customs: Be mindful of the spiritual significance of the Kunzum Mata temple and the surrounding area. Avoid littering and maintain the pristine environment.
Helpful Read: Spiti Valley Travel Tips – Things to Keep in Mind before visiting Spiti
In summary, Kunzum Pass is more than just a mountain crossing; it is an experience of raw Himalayan grandeur. Its impressive Kunzum Pass height, spiritual significance, and its role in connecting the Spiti Valley to the world make it a pivotal point in any journey through this captivating region. While the journey to and over Kunzum Pass demands preparation and respect for the challenging environment, the reward of its panoramic views and the profound sense of achievement makes it an unforgettable highlight of the Spiti adventure.
Kunzum Pass FAQs
Kunzum Pass is famous as the high-altitude gateway to the Spiti Valley from the Lahaul and Manali side. It is also known for its Kunzum Mata Temple where travelers seek blessings, and for offering expansive panoramic views of the Chandra Bhaga ranges.
As of early July 2025, Kunzum Pass is typically open for vehicular traffic. The pass usually opens between early to mid-June and remains accessible until October. However, it closes during the harsh winter months, from November to May, due to heavy snowfall.
Kunzum Pass can be reached from two main directions. From Manali, the route involves crossing the Atal Tunnel or Rohtang Pass, then proceeding via Gramphu and Batal. From Kaza within Spiti Valley, it’s a drive towards Losar and then an ascent to the pass.
Kaza is approximately 202 km from Manali via Kunzum Pass. This route is highly scenic but is seasonal, open generally from June to October, and involves challenging road conditions.
To visit Chandratal, one typically takes a diversion from the main road near Kunzum Pass. A semi-motorable road leads part of the way, followed by a short trek of a few kilometers to reach the pristine Chandratal Lake.
Yes, there can definitely be snow in Kunzum Pass in June, especially in the early part of the month when the pass first opens. While the main road would have been cleared by the BRO, snow walls can still line the sides, and remnants of winter snow are visible on the surrounding peaks.
While there are many high passes in Himachal Pradesh, Kunzum Pass, with its Kunzum Pass height of approximately 4,551 meters (or 14,931 feet, the Kunzum Pass height in feet), is one of the highest motorable passes in the state regularly used by civilians to access a major valley like Spiti. Baralacha La is another very high pass on the Manali-Leh Highway.
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